Re: Empathy and Sympathy
This post originates as a response to a post on a pagan clergy e-group.
Nice points, (name left out),
I think that in some ways, when I am working with people, especially as a healer, I work with neither empathy nor sympathy. Not that this is ALWAYS the case. Empathy and sympathy can tell us a lot about ourselves, and sometimes gives us information about another. Usually learning occurs when you can tell the difference between the two (empathy or sympathy), weed out your feelings and distinguish them from another's feelings, then clear yourself enough to do the necessary work.
I often avoid both empathy and sympathy in pastoral counseling situations. Instead, I like to work with presence and holding a safe space or container. These methods are a little different, because they involve setting aside myself and my agenda, in order to facilitate for another.
The first prerequisite in "setting aside myself and my agenda" means that I have been working and have tools to work with knowing myself and my agenda. It also utilizes skills developed to monitor myself and flags to alert me when "I" or "my agenda" am/is becoming involved.
Some practices that help in learning presence and holding a safe space are meditational practices where you develop parts of yourself called "The Observer". This Observer is a part of you that seems to stand aside and view your emotions, thoughts, processes, etc., while you are meditating.
To clarify the term "meditation", I am not talking about simply sitting around in the lotus position chanting "Ohm" (though the lotus position and chants may work well for some).
Meditation can happen through movement, stillness, during sacred housecleaning, singing and in many other ways.
When I set aside myself/agenda, become fully present, then hold safe space, I am able to fully be with the person and their feelings and issues. Safe space always means confidentiality, then whatever else is necessary for the individual to feel safe. Sometimes it involves ritual cleansing and boundary setting. It also requires self-monitoring and monitoring the energy of the space.
A note on the idea of setting aside one's personal agenda: Personal agendas arise from within our own personal needs/ideas/epistimology/experiences/etc. For instance, some of us have a need to "fix". An individual may approach us and ask us to "fix" their problem. I've found that "fixing" something or someone in a pastoral counseling setting is, at best, an extremely short termed solution and, at worst, encourages codependency and/or a mommy like dependence from those we are "fixing". The student/covener begins to look toward us to "fix" them whenever there is a problem. The individuals who have been "fixed" by us rarely develop abilities, skills and enough self-knowledge to "fix" anything for themselves so, they often need help.
An even bigger downside to this "fixing" happens when we step away from the "fixing", try to change the boundaries of the relationship, or we attempt to get the person to work on their own issues. This happens after we have developed a relationship and subsequent expectation from the individual that we will "fix" them/their problems. My experience has been that when I have engaged this particular dynamic in a relationship, I have seen adolescent type acting out and huge shadow plays of authority issues from the "fixed" towards the "fixer".
If you happen to be a person with "fixing" urges, I strongly recommend meditating on the concept that Spirit is All and nothing is really "broken". We are all perfect in Spirit.
That said, a better balanced method is to guide the person through processing and exploration of their own issues in safe space. The person processes emotions, then is asked what they think the issue is. After processing emotions and issue identification, they can then be asked what they think their options are. Our job, here, is to encourage them to look within and come up with some of their own options. Reflective/active listening and appropriate questions are the key here.
What most people generally need is a place to process. Presence and holding safe space facilitates this. When reflective/active listening is used, a person can process and sort through their own emotions. If further steps are needed, besides the processing, questions can reveal what the person feels like are his/her options and potential outcomes. If a person is really lost after exploring their own ideas, feelings, central issue and outcomes, they can be given additional possible options and ideas and allowed to explore these verbally/emotionally.
I'm a great believer in teaching folks to fish. Catch a person a fish, feed him for a meal. Teach a person to fish, she feeds herself and her family for her lifetime. This comes in handy when/if you find yourself busy and on call from coveners/students. A few sessions of this type of guidance/pastoral counseling sets a template of self-empowerment.
Usually folks know, somewhere inside themselves, what the best options are for them and what they really want. A lot of people are taught to avoid this knowledge for all kinds of reasons. When we can facilitate with/for them in such a way as to help them draw this out and strengthen/acknowledge them, then they become more confident in their own processing and decision making skills and abilities.

